GemmaItaly is more than pasta, gelato, and art museums. It’s a treasure trove of history, where castles rise like fairy-tale fortresses, each with stories of kings, battles, and secret tunnels. If you’ve ever dreamt of stepping into the past while wandering through stone walls, ancient towers, and lush gardens, Italy’s castles are calling your name. From my own personal experience, these historic marvels aren’t just photo opportunities—they’re living history that will make you feel like you’ve stepped into a different era.
Here’s a list of 12 historic castles in Italy you truly need to explore, along with things to do at each and why you’ll love them.
1. Castello Sforzesco – Milan
Castello Sforzesco is a symbol of Milan’s Renaissance glory. Built in the 15th century by the Sforza family, it has served as a fortress, residence, and even a military barracks. Today, it houses multiple museums, including collections of ancient art, musical instruments, and Egyptian artifacts.
Things to do:
- Stroll through the courtyards and marvel at the architecture.
- Visit the Pinacoteca for Renaissance paintings.
- Walk along the castle walls for views of Parco Sempione.
From my own personal experience, visiting this castle feels like flipping through Italy’s history textbook, except way more fun and with fewer footnotes.
2. Castel del Monte – Apulia
This octagonal masterpiece in Apulia is unlike any other castle in Italy. Commissioned by Emperor Frederick II in the 13th century, its unique shape has sparked countless theories, including astronomical and mystical interpretations.
Things to do:
- Explore its geometric corridors and towers.
- Learn about Frederick II’s enigmatic life.
- Take photos of the castle against the sprawling Apulian countryside.
The moment you step inside, you realize Castel del Monte isn’t just a building; it’s a puzzle waiting to be explored.
3. Castello di Fenis – Aosta Valley
Nestled in the Aosta Valley, this castle looks like it’s straight out of a fairy tale. Fenis Castle, with its turrets and frescoed halls, was built in the 14th century and is exceptionally well-preserved.
Things to do:
- Admire the medieval frescoes depicting knights and legends.
- Wander through its fortified walls.
- Attend occasional medieval reenactments for a touch of drama.
From my own personal experience, walking through Fenis feels like wandering into a medieval storybook—you half expect a knight in shining armor to appear around the corner.
4. Castello Aragonese – Ischia
Sitting dramatically on a rocky islet in Ischia, Castello Aragonese has been a fortress, monastery, and residence. The views of the Tyrrhenian Sea are breathtaking, making this castle both a historical and scenic gem.
Things to do:
- Explore the bridge connecting the castle to the island.
- Visit the ancient chapels and gardens.
- Enjoy panoramic views of Ischia and the coastline.
Visiting this castle makes you realize that history and natural beauty can mix like wine and cheese—perfectly.
5. Rocca di Angera – Lombardy
Overlooking Lake Maggiore, Rocca di Angera is famous for its medieval charm and well-preserved interiors. It has been home to the Borromeo family since the 14th century and includes a fascinating Doll Museum.
Things to do:
- Walk through the frescoed halls and towers.
- Explore the Doll Museum, which is surprisingly captivating.
- Enjoy the gardens with views of Lake Maggiore.
From my own personal experience, the Rocca di Angera shows that castles aren’t just about stone walls—they’re about stories, family legacies, and a hint of whimsy.
6. Castello Estense – Ferrara
Ferrara’s Castello Estense is an iconic moated castle built by the Este family in the 14th century. Its imposing towers and deep moat make it a perfect example of medieval defensive architecture.
Things to do:
- Explore the dungeons, halls, and the Este family apartments.
- Climb the towers for city views.
- Check out the art and historical exhibits.
The castle’s combination of history and grandeur will make you appreciate how Italian nobility lived—and maybe make you grateful you’re not tasked with castle security.
7. Castello di Amorosa – Tuscany
While Tuscany is known for vineyards, it also hides castles like Castello di Amorosa. This medieval-style castle was built recently but follows authentic 13th-century design. It’s a fun twist on historical architecture.
Things to do:
- Tour the interior and dungeons.
- Sample wines from the castle’s vineyard.
- Attend events and medieval-themed dinners.
This castle proves that sometimes, modern creations can capture the spirit of history, making it enjoyable and accessible.
8. Castel Sant’Angelo – Rome
Originally built as Emperor Hadrian’s mausoleum, Castel Sant’Angelo has worn many hats: fortress, papal residence, and prison. Its location near the Vatican and the Tiber makes it a must-see in Rome.
Things to do:
- Walk the Passetto di Borgo, the secret passageway to the Vatican.
- Explore the museum with weapons, armor, and art.
- Enjoy the rooftop views of Rome.
From my own personal experience, seeing Rome from Castel Sant’Angelo is unforgettable—it’s history with a side of stunning cityscape.
9. Castello di Gradara – Marche
Perched on a hill between Emilia-Romagna and Marche, Gradara Castle is famous for its medieval walls and romantic legend of Paolo and Francesca, immortalized by Dante.
Things to do:
- Explore the walls and towers.
- Walk the halls with frescoes depicting the tragic love story.
- Attend cultural events and medieval fairs.
This castle is proof that history isn’t always about battles—it’s about stories that continue to inspire.
10. Castello di Bracciano – Lazio
Just outside Rome, Bracciano Castle is a Renaissance fortress with a rich history and incredible art. Its walls have hosted popes, nobles, and even modern weddings of celebrities.
Things to do:
- Tour the historic rooms and art collections.
- Walk along the castle walls for lake views.
- Learn about the Orsini family, who shaped its history.
From my own personal experience, Bracciano Castle combines history and elegance—exploring it feels like being invited to a royal gathering in the past.
11. Castello di Sammezzano – Tuscany
Sammezzano is a hidden gem near Florence, famous for its Moorish Revival architecture. Its vibrant colors, intricate ceilings, and unique design make it a visual delight.
Things to do:
- Explore the labyrinthine halls and courtyards.
- Take photographs of its stunning interiors.
- Attend guided tours to uncover its secrets.
This castle reminds you that Italian castles are not all stone and gray—they can be colorful, whimsical, and totally Instagram-worthy.
12. Castello di Miramare – Trieste
Miramare Castle sits on the Adriatic coast, overlooking the sea with manicured gardens and elegant interiors. Built for Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian of Austria, it’s both romantic and historically fascinating.
Things to do:
- Stroll through the lush gardens with panoramic sea views.
- Visit the interior rooms with original furnishings.
- Explore the museum exhibits about Maximilian’s life.
From my own personal experience, Miramare Castle combines history, romance, and breathtaking scenery in one unforgettable visit.
Italy’s castles aren’t just tourist spots—they’re windows into centuries of history, architecture, and culture. Whether you’re wandering through frescoed halls, climbing medieval towers, or enjoying a garden with a lake view, each castle has its own story waiting for you. Visiting them gives you a sense of adventure, a glimpse of the past, and memories you’ll truly love.
So, the next time you plan a trip to Italy, make sure these 12 historic castles are on your itinerary. You’ll find yourself exploring, learning, and falling in love with history in ways you never expected.
I’m Gemma, a passionate lifestyle blogger sharing my creative world with you. Gemitaliano.com is my little corner of the internet, glad you’re here.